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Making sense of the intersection between media, society and technology

Bill Buxton on why technology is a cultural artefact

Bill Buxton, Closing Plenary Speaker
Image by anikarenina via Flickr

The CAJ Innovate News conference wrapped up with a different perspective from Bill Buxton, principal researcher for Microsoft.

His prevailing philosophy is that everything is best for something and worst for something else. So it is important to think about when, what, why and for whom.

He also argues that technology is not neutral – it can be good or bad.

In his talk, he explores the discussion of the role of the citizen journalist, citing the Rodney King and Robert Dziekanski videos.

He says we can’t ignore the role of the citizen journalist. But, he argues, the people who shot these videos were unqualified to develop and analyse the story.

Technology, business and content have been tied together over history, he says pointing to the development of the modern day newspaper.

His take on technology is to consider the order of magnitude rule. For example, the iPhone had no new technologies, but changed smartphones by an order of magnitude.

“We are not at the end of a revolution, we are at the beginning,” said Buxton, predicting that it will be socially unacceptable to read a newspaper in print in five years’ time.

“The Kindle is nothing compared to what is going to come, the iPad is nothing compared to what is going to come.”

The computer and the internet are cultural artefacts that are part of our society, reflecting our values, belief systems and lifestyles, he said.

The importance here is not the device, but their impact, he reminded the roomful of journalists and editors. But we tend to focus on the technical aspects of technology, the functions, and ignore how they are changing the way we live.

Buxton compared how journalists review the arts, compared to technology. A dance reviewer does not discuss what material a dance show is made of, whereas a technology reviewer focuses on functionality.

He argued that we need to change how we talk and frame technologies to understand their historical, cultural and societal contexts.

“It is not about the box, it is not about the technology. it is about the social, cultural, intellectual implications on our culture,” he insisted.

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Filed under: innovation, internet, journalism , ,

Thoora real-time platform as an awareness system for news

Interesting presentation of Thoora at the CAJ Innovate. Thoora is a platform that aims to analyse, filter and aggregate content from news sources, blogs and Twitter and turn it into meaningful data.

The platform is pitched as a solution for newsrooms to make sense of the wealth of content in social media and find meaningful ways of integrating it with traditional media sources.

The aim is to reduce huge amounts of data to meaningful indicators in a flexible, real-time platform, as well as track trends and predict interest in stories.

In some ways, it is similar to NowPublic’s Scan tool, which taps into the conversation in social media.

But Thoora appears to give an editor greater control over how the platform can be customised. For example, presenting stories that are popular on blogs and Twitter, or stories that are new and trending.

The platform is intriguing, particularly the ability to process and filter all the signals around the news. It comes across as an awareness system for news, making sense of what I have described as ambient journalism.

Filed under: internet, journalism, social media , ,

CAJ Innovate talk on social media

The slides from my presentation at the CAJ Innovate conference in Toronto on social media principles and practice.

Ann Hui, an intern at the Toronto Star, blogged the talk.

Filed under: academics, journalism, social media , ,

Jim Brady outlines new DC local news venture

The CAJ Innovate conference kicked off with a keynote by Jim Brady. He is the president of digital strategy at Allbritton Communications (owners of Politico.com) and the former executive editor of WashingtonPost.com.

His theme was the potential of local news. He argued that in the early days of news online, many local newspaper sites were tempted by big waves of traffic from viral engines, picking up a national or international audience.

“We were doing things to attract the wrong audience and ignoring the audience in our backyard,” he said.

He described this as a drift away from local news, even in terms of advertising by seeking national rather than local ads.

For example, he cited examples of how metropolitan newspapers tended to focus on national news, rather than providing a local perspective on a national issue.

He talked about the new challenges facing newspaper sections, such as travel. He argued that there was bound to be a better site focused just on travel than the general coverage provided by a newspaper travel supplement.

Brady recalled that when he left, 85% of unique visitors were from outside Washington DC. But the “dirty secret”, he said, was that 15% of visitors who were local drove 35%-40% of page views and the revenue.

This, he said, spurred his interest in local news and the potential to reinvent how local can work both from a journalism and business perspective.

He recalled a journalist describing web journalism like Vietnam – everyone feels they need to be there but don’t know how to win.

Brady explained his decision to take on a project like a new local website for DC. Part of the appeal was running a news organisation focused on the web, rather than viewing the website “as a second-class citizen”.

He argued there was an opportunity for working with Allbritton’s local TV stations. In his experience cross-promotion of web and newspaper doesn’t work. But TV and web does, as many people watch TV with a laptop.

Brady provided some details about the local DC venture. He didn’t want to do the site piecemeal, such as by just hiring a handful of reporters.

So he will have a newsroom of 35-40 out of a staff of around 50 people. This will combine reporters, but also journalists focused on social media and reaching out to the community and encourage contributions.

“To win big, you have to bet big,” he argued.

His editorial strategy will to focus on “the things that matter to people”, such as crime, real estate and more, rather than trying to cover everything.

“We are going to pick certain regions and cover them like crazy,”  he said, realising that he could not compete with the Washington Post in comprehensive coverage of DC.

The content will be geo-coded to offer customised news based on where people live and work, rather than dump everything on the homepage and leave it to the audience to sort it out.

The site will also aggregate news as people want a range of sources. This would, for example, mean linking to a Washington Post story from the homepage if it has a major story.

He wants to create a network of citizen contributors and promote their content on the home page, rather than pigeonhole “amateur” journalism.

The new venture will also have a focus on mobile, but with a local focus to deliver targeted alerts, both editorial and advertising.

In terms of revenue, Brady said there would not be one solution. Rather he will explore things like advertiser blogs, clearly labeled as such and offered at a premium.

Other commercial strategies involve helping small businesses go online by providing a local advertising service.

Brady summarised by saying he will try things both on the editorial and business side.

Filed under: internet, journalism , , ,

Twitter links from CAJ talk on social media

The Canadian Association of Journalists is holding a one-day conference in Toronto on Saturday 30 January on the theme of innovating the news.

The aim is to learn about “emerging techniques, technologies and models to transform journalism for the 21st century”.

There is a great line-up and I’m honoured to have been asked to participate. I’ll be holding a session on social media principles and practice, which is a lot to pack into 45 minutes.

I could spend all the time going through the dozens of Twitter sites, services and apps.  But I am only going to mention a handful that can be used for beat reporting and crowdsourcing by journalists:

  • Twitter Search: An obvious starting point for anyone new to Twitter.
  • What the Trend: Find out what is popular on Twitter, worldwide or by country.
  • Listorious: A way to find people and topics on Twitter lists.
  • Twitter Local: A desktop app to follow public tweets from around your location.

I realise this is only a snapshot of what is out there. For a comprehensive listing of articles, sites and services related to social media and Twitter, I recommend the site of the social media skills course developed by Sree Sreenivasan and Adam Glennat the Columbia Graduate School of Journalism.  There is a wealth of material here to explore and discover.

If you have a favourite site, service or app you use to enhance your journalism, please leave a comment.

Filed under: Canada, journalism, media, social media ,

Charlie Brooker pokes fun at the formula of TV reporting

Charlie Brooker dissects the language of the TV news report. So true, it hurts.

Filed under: journalism, media, television , , , ,

Why we should not underestimate Apple’s iPad

Within minutes of the end of Steve Jobs’ announcement of the Apple iPad, I was getting emails and Twitter messages, asking me for my take on the device.

Like so many thousands, I followed the presentation through the live blogs from Engadget and the Nieman Journalism Labs, as well as Twitter.

Ahead of today’s unveiling, there was so much hype about the device that you could be forgiven for being a little underwhelmed. One study found it has been mentioned in more 25,000 articles online so far this year.

The tablet had been touted as the saviour of print, publishing, or just about any media industry going through a period of upheaval.

The irony is that a device alone is not going to save these industries and it is wrong to see Apple as some white knight.

Apple’s secret is in marrying form and function into devices that are focused on the user experience. The iPhone has demonstrated how a device can serve as a platform for new media experiences.

On first impressions, the iPad appears to offer an ideal platform to rethink journalism in a more visual, interactive and multimedia direction.

Considering the screen as just another way to display print is simply recycling the norms and conventions of one medium onto another. And embedding video in a text story falls far short of reimagining both the journalism and how to present it.

Bobbie Johnson of The Guardian tried the iPad shortly after the announcement and wondered:

The big problem I had was in trying to understand what the iPad was for: the answer, it seems, is everything.

This is exactly what is right, and wrong, about the iPad. It may seem puzzling, but by doing everything it offers a platform for individuals to tailor to their specific needs. So whatever you may want to do, there will be an app for that.

This is the first iteration of the iPad, so it is important to consider what this device could offer in subsequent incarnations.

I suspect we may end up underestimating the long-term impact of this device, both on what we consider personal computing and how we interact with media.

Filed under: Apple, innovation, internet, journalism , , ,

The BBC, blogs and accountability

Part of my research has involved studying the adoption of blogging at the BBC.

One of the areas I studied was blogs as a platform for greater accountability in news.

The results of that research are in a chapter in the book, Web Journalism: A New Form of Citizenship?, which has just been published by Sussex Academic Press.

The publisher describes the edited volume as:

A much-needed analytical account of the implications of interactive participation in the construction of media content. Although web journalism is a fast-changing technology this book will have sustained appeal to an international readership by seeking to critically assess Internet news production.

My chapter is called Let’s Talk: How Blogging is Shaping the BBC’s Relationship with the Public, and looks at how the BBC has attempted to use blogging to provide greater transparency, particularly around its editorial decision-making.

Here’s an excerpt from the conclusion:

Blogs offered the BBC a platform to address the public in a way that goes beyond the publication of press releases, reviews and policy statements.  In BBC News, The Editors blog provides a medium to address editorial issues in a timely fashion.  Editors have welcomed the ability to adopt the personal and informal tone associated with blogs, marking a significant shift away from the impersonal and institutional abstract voice of authority of the Reithian era. There is evidence to suggest that audiences value this, given that blogs have become a favoured way for the public to interact online with the BBC.

During the period covered by this research, blogging was recognised by the BBC as a new media technology that encourages participation with the potential to foster a closer and more personal relationship with the audience than possible in broadcast. However, there are limits on how far the BBC has incorporated the participatory nature of blogs within its institutional structures. This research indicates that the corporation has yet to fully embrace blogs as a platform for a conversation with the audience, suggesting it is still heavily influenced by its broadcast culture and has adopted blogs as a publishing, rather than participatory, platform.  Despite a rhetoric of accountability, editors and executives tend to consider blogs as a way to explain and justify decisions, rather than to engage in a discussion.  Nevertheless, some editors are aware of the limitations of current BBC blogging practices. Indeed some bloggers are experimenting with ways of fostering greater dialogue – an endeavour more appropriate to the format’s participatory promise.

I am also the co-author of a chapter on participatory journalism and the mainstream media in the UK with my colleague Neil Thurman.

Filed under: BBC, academics, internet, journalism ,

UBC j-grads weather stormy job market

For my latest post for PBS Mediashift, I looked at how our journalism grads from 2009 are faring.

The students graduated from the UBC Graduate School of Journalism, where I teach, into an industry in upheaval, buffeted by a deep recession.

It clearly is a tough media environment, but the grads found there are opportunities. However, most of these seem to be freelance, part-time or contract positions, and some are emerging areas such as social media.

The grads found they have to be flexible about where they work, in some cases, moving to the other side of Canada to take up a job.

Pickings were slim in the job market when I graduated but opportunities were, by no means, non-existent,” said recent grad Allison Cross. “I say opportunities because full-time, permanent jobs were scarce, but there were plenty of contracts out there to do journalism, social media, communications or professional writing.

“In many cases, these opportunities did not resemble the ideal job I was looking for, but still seemed to provide opportunities for new journalists to get their names out, try new things and make a bit of money along the way,” she said.

Cross took a different route after graduating from UBC in 2009. Attracted by the idea of reporting abroad, she spent five months in Sierra Leone freelancing and doing media development work for the Canadian non-profit organization, Journalists for Human Rights.

On her return, she landed a one-year contract as a reporter with Canwest News Service, a wire service for several major Canadian newspapers.

Read the whole story on PBS Mediashift.

Filed under: academics, innovation, journalism , ,

links for 2010-01-19

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